Religion Provides a Humane Society as a Whole Essay

Where does religion come from and what is its function? This simple question has been studied, defined, and debated by a variety of individuals with differing schools of thought throughout history. Although the conjunction of different ideologies from many of these theorists would provide the most comprehensive solution to this question, Mircea Eliade’s theory as a whole most convincingly addresses this question compared other separate theories as a whole. In particular, Eliade’s emphasis of studying religion via a cross-cultural comparison method and his notion of â€Å"the sacred and the profane† results in a deeper understanding of a given religion and the function it provides to human society as a whole. In contrast to many of the earlier†¦show more content†¦Although the cross-cultural comparison of religion is important for understanding the function of religion, Eliade did not strongly stress the importance of remaining unbiased while studying and comparing other religions. In particular, Ludwig emphasizes the importance of observing different religions by trying to understand the intensions behind various actions without any preconceived ideals (Ludwig, p4). Problems with bias and the use of harsh language are apparent in the description of American culture in Body Rituals of the Nacirema. Specifically, the use of primitive language to describe tasks such as shaving has such a strong bias that American readers misunderstand the description of their own culture (Galbraith, p2). Overall, even though Eliade did not address this problem, his movement towards a cross-cultural comparison is a step in the right direction to understanding the general functions of religion. Ludwig defines sacred as â€Å"what is experienced as ultimate reality† and its experience â€Å"provides the source of meaning and purpose in life† (Ludwig, p8). Eliade highlights the transition from the profane to the sacred as a basic need to sus tain human society. As a result, this shift to experience the sacred is inherent to many ritual and worship practices. For instance, the reading or recreation of a sacred story allows participants to experience the â€Å"ultimate reality† of their identity. Specifically, the story EnumaShow MoreRelatedEast Asian Concept Of Human Nature1715 Words   |  7 Pagesbased on these religions. Chinese government, constitution and the administration policies have been based on the ethics of Confucian traditions and ethics as well as philosophy. Similar to the governing ethics in these region nations, the understanding of human nature has been influenced by each of the religions and determines how the natives’ act according to the respective beliefs. Religions have different explanations of human nature, which are based on the philosophies of religion founder or theRead MoreThe Merits and Pitfalls of Capital Punishment Today1482 Words   |  6 Pagesarguments against it (†Å"White Paper† 82-84). 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Analysis Of The Daily Life Of Edna s, The Awakening s...

Waverly Leonard Part I Reading Journal, ch.s 1-13 Plot Summary: These first thirteen chapters chronicle the daily life of Edna Pontellier, The Awakening’s protagonist. The novel opens on Mr. Pontellier; he is smoking a cigar and reading the newspaper while idly observing the life and activity around him. The novel turns its attention to his wife, Edna Pontellier. She is described as â€Å"rather handsome than beautiful† and has a face with a â€Å"certain frankness of expression,† an intriguing description if there ever was one. She is accompanied by Robert Lebrun, the son of Madame Lebrun, the owner of â€Å"the house† at which the Creole aristocracy stayed on the Grand Isle. They are rather close companions; Robert has chosen to follow her around for the summer, as is later revealed to be his custom. It’s revealed that Edna is an American woman from â€Å"the old Kentucky bluegrass country.† As the day progresses, Chopin details the tiny minutiae of married life that have disappointed both Leonce and Ed na; Leonce feels hurt by her dismissiveness- â€Å"He thought it very discouraging that his wife, who was the sole object of his existence, evinced so little interest in things which concerned him, and valued so little his conversation†¦Ã¢â‚¬ - while Edna resents his overbearing conventionality- â€Å"An indescribable oppression, which seemed to generate in some unfamiliar part of her consciousness, filled her whole being with a vague anguish.† The Pontelliers reconcile before Leonce leaves for New OrleansShow MoreRelatedWomen s Patriarchal Oppression By Kate Chopin Essay1621 Words   |  7 PagesSheraliz Ortiz Mrs. Kehrmeyer AP Language, Per 1 14 November 2016 Women s Patriarchal Oppression Women have been denied social power and the right to various forms of self-expression during the 19th century. Feminism is the belief that women should be treated as equals to men and have the same opportunities. Feminist analysis discusses about topics such as women in society that s been through oppression, dehumanizing, and depression. Several brave female writers came forth during this periodRead MoreEssay about The Razors Edge Study Guide23742 Words   |  95 Pagesplease visit: http://www.bookrags.com/studyguide−razors−edge/ Copyright Information  ©2000−2007 BookRags, Inc. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. The following sections of this BookRags Premium Study Guide is offprint from Gales For Students Series: Presenting Analysis, Context, and Criticism on Commonly Studied Works: Introduction, Author Biography, Plot Summary, Characters, Themes, Style, Historical Context, Critical Overview, Criticism and Critical Essays, Media Adaptations, Topics for Further Study, Compare

Health Care Settings Wellness

Question: Write about theHealth Care Settingsfor Wellness. Answer: Part of your education includes experiences in different types of healthcare settings (applies to HLTEN401B HLTEN516B). Explain the philosophy of primary health care and the principles of wellness. Primary health refers to the wellbeing of an individual that is achieved by the healing of diseases and promotion of wellness in general. Primary healths main goal is that everyone in a particular community is able to access healthcare. It focuses on health care beyond the traditional practices and advocates for healthcare that can be equally accessed by all individuals irrespective of their gender, races or social class. Wellness occurs when the physical, mental and spiritual aspects of an individual are met as they have an impact on health and wellbeing of that individual. Primary health care and the health measures undertaken are key and promote the wellness of individuals in society (Australian Nursing Federation, 2009). What is the difference between primary health and acute health settings? Acute healthcare refers to the short-term treatment a patient gets due to a severe injury or term of sickness or in the process of recovering from a surgery whereas primary health involves the daily healthcare given and overseen by the healthcare provider who is the first to make contact with the patient. MrAlexopoulos is an 88-year-old man who has migrated from Greece and lives alone. He speaks very Basic English only. In the past year, he has fallen twice at home, once by tripping over a rug and once when he got up to go to the bathroom at night. He has become increasingly afraid of falling again and tends to restrict his activities in the home. He goes out only when accompanied by his son (applies to HLTEN401B HLTEN516). Using the information provided above, outline the biopsychosocial and cultural health care considerations that indicate that Mr. Alexopolous should not live alone in the house. Mr. Alexopoulos should not live alone because he can succumb to depression due to loneliness and at his age, he is very vulnerable to any disease (Australian Government Department of Health, 2013). He is mainly at a risk of stress and illness. Since he migrated from Greece, there can be differences in cultural practices, beliefs, and circumstances that can make him depressed. What aspects of MrAlexopoulos environment need to be assessed (include internal and external)? The external factors of MrAlexopoulos environment that should be assessed include foods; because his eating habits might be poor leading him to be constantly falling , his surroundings, his relationship with other people, drugs taken, the water he drinks, the air he breathes, the activities he indulges in and whether he keeps fit or not. His internal environment will involve factors that cannot be controlled or changed. These factors include the fact that MrAlexopolous is aging; he may be undergoing stress as a result of staying alone, his genetic makeup and also his family tendencies that cannot be altered. Explain specific interventions you would design to ensure MrAlexopoulos safety in his home. I will ensure that Mr.Alexopoulos has a handset with emergency numbers, one of a family member or friend that he can call in case of an emergency and also an emergency number of a health care provider who can be reached easily. I will also ensure that he has can a cane or walker that will aid him while walking in the house and that the rugs on the floor are taped to the floor to prevent them from moving. I will also put rubber mats in the bathtub to ensure that there is no slipping. I will also install grab bars in washrooms to ensure his safety. What allied would health and community services referrals you suggest assisting MrAlexopoulos to maintain his independence? I would ensure that MrAlexopoulos enrolls allied and community referrals that major and deal with strength training with the guidance of a professional, falls prevention with the aid of a healthcare provider, joining planned activity groups as a way of preventing loneliness and also home modification with forms of assessment (Australian Primary Health Care Nurses Association,2017). Choose one of the theories listed below and explain how it would apply in one of the following different healthcare settings: Aged Care; Palliative Care; Mental Health or Acute Hospitals (applies to HLTEN401B only.) Peplaus theory Systems theory Basic human needs theory. The Basic Human needs Theory This theory comprises of a hierarchy of the humans needs beginning from the very basic needs, the psychological needs, and the self-fulfillment needs. The basic needs include; food, water, and clothing, the psychological needs comprises of the feeling of belonging, love needs and esteem needs whereas the self-actualization includes activities that can help a person realize their full potential including recreational activities. At the old age, the elderly may not be able to fend for themselves, so its good for them to be provided with the basic needs so as to be healthy. The old people also need company either from family or friends for them to have a sense of belonging and to feel loved and wanted. They should also be listened to so as to feel respected and still important in society. The elderly should also be prevented from abuse and exposure to diseases by offering them safety and also healthcare. Many countries suffer health inequalities, including Australia specifically within the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander (ATSI) community. In Western societies, social issues continue to emerge as the gap between those with and those without economic resources grows a. In what ways does an individuals financial status affect their ability to access health resources? An individuals financial status will determine their access to health services. Individuals with low income in Australia go through health problems because of their financial inabilities. For instance, they are not able to access healthcare services more often and when they access it, it is of low quality despite their health issues. Besides, individuals with low income are characterized with low education levels and at times do jobs that do not provide health benefit plans whereas those individuals with high income are provided with medical covers, this brings about variation in access to healthcare between the high and the low-income earners. Therefore, these viewpoints are shaped by the policies of the country that reflect different ideologies in access to healthcare services. List the social determinants that disadvantage people and create health inequalities. In your answer, include the common health inequalities for the ATSI community Some of the social determinants of health that disadvantage minority groups like the ATSI community from accessing healthcare service are the social and economic factors, these factors are distributed among these populations, which influence their ability to access health resources. Discuss the following features of the Australian health care system: (applies to HLTEN401B HLTEN516B). State vs Federal Government allocation of health funds (i.e. what does the State Government fund and what does the Federal Government fund) The federal government funds for those contributions that are made for public health facilities via the Australian Health Care Agreement regardless of whether the funds were provided to territory and State governments for their expenditure on public hospitals. On the other hand, State governments fund for outpatient services and emergency services. Aged Care - including which tier of Government is responsible for this area and the allocation of funds. Include in your answer the accreditation process Aged care is funded and regulate by the government with the support of the Territory and State governments for the community and home care, which are provided by charitable, religious, and community organizations and the local governments (White Hughes, 2013). The funding is through an Aged Care Funding Instrument (ACFI), which was introduced on March 20, 2008, that determines the nature and level of care payments of the individuals in the care homes; this implies that the payments are in accordance with the care needs and individuals with high care needs. The Aged Care package gives a package of care to those individuals with serious care needs but able to live in their homes with the assistance of home care package, these packages are provided in order to ensure the needs of the elderly is taken care of (Australian Human Rights Commission, 2007). Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme (PBS) PBS is a program introduced by the Australian government to provide subsidized drugs the Australian population as well as foreigners covered by the healthcare agreement. The aim of the PBS is to ensure Australians access a reliable and affordable range of medicines. The program takes responsibility for the drug costs to communities and patients setting and not when in hospitals which are the responsibility of the State and Territorial governments (Brown and Edwards, 2012). References Brown, D. and Edwards, H. (2012) Lewiss Medical-surgical Nursing: Assessment and Management of Clinical Problems. (3rd ed.) Sydney, Australia: Elsevier. Aged Care Crisis. (2015). Accreditation FAQs. Retrieved March 20, 2017 from https://www.agedcarecrisis.com/accreditation/accreditation-faqs Australian Bureau of Statistics. (2012). Health care delivery and financing (Catalogue No. 1301.0).RetrievedMarch20,2017from https://www.abs.gov.au/ausstats/abs@.nsf/Lookup/by%20Subject/1301.0~2012~Main%20Features~Health%20care%20delivery%20and%20financing~235 Australian Human Rights Commission. (2007, April). Social determinants and the health of Indigenous peoples in Australia a human rights based approach. Paper presented at the International Symposium on the Social Determinants of Indigenous health. Retrieved fromhttps://www.humanrights.gov.au/news/speeches/socialdeterminants-and-health indigenous-peoples-australia-human-rights-based Australian Government. (2016). A healthy and active Australia. Retrieved March 20, 2017 from https://www.healthyactive.gov.au/ Australian Government (Department of Health). (2013). The social determinants of health. RetrievedMarch20,2017from https://www.health.gov.au/internet/publications/publishing.nsf/Content/oatsihhealthplan-toc~determinants Australian Law Reform Commission. (n.d.). Overview of the Australian healthcare system. Retrieved March 20, 2017 from https://www.alrc.gov.au/publications/19-genepatents-and-healthcare-system/overview-australian-healthcare-system Australian Nursing and Midwifery Board of Australia. (2016). Standards for practice: Enrolled Nurses.RetrievedMarch20,2017from https://www.nursingmidwiferyboard.gov.au/CodesGuidelinesStatements/Professional-standards.aspx Australian Nursing Federation (2009). Primary health care in Australia: A nursing and midwifery consensus view. Retrieved March 20, 2017 from https://anmf.org.au/documents/reports/PHC_Australia.pdf Australian Primary Health Care Nurses Association. (2017). What is primary health care nursing? Retrieved March 20, 2017 from https://www.apna.asn.au/profession/whatis-primary-health-care-nursing Commonwealth of Australia. (2017). About the PBS. Retrieved March 20, 2017 from https://www.pbs.gov.au/info/about-the-pbs Commonwealth of Australia. (2011). Falls can be prevented: A guide to preventing falls for older people. Canberra, ACT: Author. Retrieved March 20, 2017 fromhttps://www.health.gov.au/internet/main/publishing.nsf/Content/E23F5F7BF8F07264CA257BF00020435/$File/Don't%20fall%20for%20it.pdf Nursing and Midwifery Board of Australia. (2010). Nursing practice decisions summaryguide. Retrieved March20, 2017 from https://www.nursingmidwiferyboard.gov.au/Search.aspx?q=Nursing%20practice%20decisions Nursing Theories.(2013).Retrieved March 20, 2017 from https://currentnursing.com/nursing_theory/ Pearson, A. (2013). Nursing models for practice. In J. Crisp, C. Taylor, C. Douglas G. Rebeiro (Eds.). Potter and Perrys fundamentals of nursing (4th ed., pp. 39-54). Sydney, NSW: Elsevier. TAFE Queensland. (2015). HLTEN516B/HLTEN401B Work in the Australian health care system. [Study topics and presentations]. Retrieved from TAFE Queensland Gold Coast https://connect.tafeqld.edu.au White, J., Hughes, F. (2013).The healthcare delivery system.In J. Crisp, C. Taylor, C. Douglas G Rebeiro (Eds.).Potter and Perrys fundamentals of nursing (4th ed., pp. 19-38). Sydney, NSW: Elsevier. Wilkinson, R., Marmot, M. (Eds) (2003). Social determinants of health: The solid facts (2nded.). Copenhagen, Denmark: World Health Organization. Retrieved from https://www.euro.who.int/__data/assets/pdf_file/0005/98438/e81384.pdf Yarwood, J., Betany, K. (2013).Health and wellness.In J. Crisp, C. Taylor, C. Douglas G Rebeiro (Eds.).Potter and Perrys fundamentals of nursing (4th ed., pp. 302-319). Sydney, NSW: Elsevier.

Papers of Tina Hesman Saey and Yuyri Lazebnik

Question: Write paper about How my life was changed forever after reading the papers of Tina Hesman Saey and Yuyri Lazebnik? Answer: Both Yuri Lazebnik and Tina Hesman Saey make pertinent points when they nudge biologists out of their comfort zones. The experimental biologists for having remained too long within the defined borders of research and the biologists who are comfortable publishing research that is not path breaking. It makes me wonder whether I want to enter the field of biological research which is so exciting to study, as mechanism after mechanism from photosynthesis to proteolysis to prions is discovered, questioned and then rewarded with recognition and Nobel prizes once the dust of scepticism settles down that the upheaval of the discoveries initially caused. As a high school student James Watson's 'The Double Helix' excited me enough to take up the study of biology and in my naivety I believed that science was based on proven, verified, analysed and discussed results obtained after years of perseverance, sacrifices made on personal and family fronts, and were to be believed with a sense of revere nce. That it can be difficult to verify or reproduce published results came as a shock. (Saey, 2015). For a believer in science it almost brought to me thoughts about quitting a career in science. But after some rational thinking, I think that once the importance of reproducible results becomes a feature of training students of science this malady can be removed. Surely the world will learn to distinguish between research carried out to earn more citations, publication in journals with higher impact factors and the race to earn funding for meaningless research will be replaced by a generation of scientists who will learn to distinguish the grain from chaff. Certainly, it is possible to train young and brilliant minds to respect the sanctity of research and discoveries that have stood the test of time. The system biologists will help biologists to make more sense of the hordes of data that research generates (Bhalla, 1999). Fortunately for us the history of science is not all dark. There are several rays that illuminate the road towards pursuit of honest science. It is also important to foster a culture where determining reproducibility of results becomes a norm rather than an exception. Timothy Errington's work is notable among such efforts made at finding whether findings are reproducible. (Timothy M Errington, 2014). Reading papers of Yuri Lazebnik and Tina Hesman Saey has changed another thing for me. (Lazebnik, 2002). The need for scientists to reflect upon the race they are engaged in. Instead of discussing research at conferences let them discuss the way forward for biological sciences research. Do we want our current and future generations of scientists to engage in research that 'finds' nothing? Or do we want every cent of funding spent for doing meaningful research that passes the scrutiny of time, quality and dependability. So, I have decided to join a scientific community that can initiate a change in policy when I am older. Where scientists and not people who wield power set the agenda for future research. Yes, I will continue to study and research biological science. I completely agree with Simone Schnall who says that reward for scientists should be based on reproducible findings. Rather than fighting for scant resources scientists should be more collaborative. I envision a scientific community where mistakes are allowed and honesty and integrity are respected (Ioannidis JP1, 2014). Lazebnik's writing opens my eyes to a world of science where scientific perspective is more traditional. But the new wave of systems biology approaches a refreshing view of looking at scientific findings. When biologists learn to devise new methods of forming larger pictures and tackling problems like engineers do for instance, they might begin to make more sense of data that yields little meaning with current methods of translating research into actual findings. The philosophy of research that directs younger scientists to develop original tools for investigation and to keep an open mind and tread an unmarked path while finding new solutions might work as sound advice for scientists of my generation. So yes, I plan to tread the unbeaten path. I almost wonder (since the revered p53 protein has 23000 publications based on it) how many maladies that afflict mankind can be cured using this protein as a target? And did the reviews that analysed the research papers on the single molecule drive research in the right direction? Reflecting upon our collective efforts at regular intervals is important. Stopping at the right juncture and taking stock is important. Patents and the entry of corporate research has made research a business enterprise. Practising the research profession in an atmosphere of trust, more collaboration than competition is what I dream of. References: Bhalla, U. a. I. R., 1999. Emergent properties of networks of biological signalling pathways. Science, Volume 283, pp. 381-387. Ioannidis JP, Munaffo,. M.R., Fusar-Poli, P., Nosek, B.A., David S.P. 2014. Publication and other reporting biases in cognitive sciences: detection, prevalence, and prevention.. Trends in cognitive sciences, 18(5), pp. 235-41. Lazebnik, Y., 2002. Can a biologist fix a radio? - or what I learned from studying apoptosis. Cancer Cell, Volume 2, pp. 179-182. Saey, T. H., 2015. Repeat Performance. Science News, 24 January, pp. 21-26. Timothy M Errington, et al 2014. An open investigation of the reproducibility of cancer biology research. eLife, Volume 3, p. e04333..